Birds have fascinating anatomical and physiological adaptations. Changes in avian anatomy have developed to facilitate flight and many of the avian body systems have evolved to maximize function and reduce weight. For example, the bird skeleton is very light and many of the vertebrae are fused to form a rigid backbone and bones are very thin to reduce weight. The lungs have very sensitive air exchange barriers to maximize oxygen exchange and the pattern of air flow through the lungs is much more efficient than that of mammals. Birds lay eggs so that the entire development of the embryo occurs outside the body … again reducing weight and making flight possible.
The anatomy fact sheets included on this website are for your interest. Over time more body system anatomy fact sheets will be added. It is our hope that these fact sheets will enhance your enjoyment and appreciation of these unique critters.